\u56fe1\uff1a\u62d3\u6251\u8d85\u5bfc\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ebf\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u6001\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0e\u80fd\u91cf\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u6750\u6599\u5806\u53e0\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\u7b49\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u4eff\u771f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0cTGP \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bbe\u5907\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u4f4d\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u4efb\u4f55\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u5bfc\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u95f4\u9699\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u533a\u57df\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e24\u7aef\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ZBPs\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u8bc6\u522b\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u8fd9\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5931\u5c40\u90e8\u6709\u5e8f\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0cTGP \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u907f\u514d\u786e\u8ba4\u504f\u5dee\uff08confirmation bias\uff09\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u626b\u63cf\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5355\u4e2a ZBP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5723\u5df4\u5df4\u62c9\u7684\u5fae\u8f6f Station Q \u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u91cf\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb16\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u534a\u5e74\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u4e1c\u9053\u4e3b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cStation Q \u7ebf\u4e0b\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e8e3\u6708\u521d\u6062\u590d\u4e3e\u529e\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u573a\u5de5\u4e1a\u754c\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u51fa\u5e2d\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fae\u8f6f\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7 TGP \u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u6d4b\u91cf\u5230\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7 30\u03bceV \u7684\u62d3\u6251\u95f4\u9699\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e2d\u566a\u97f3\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e09\u500d\u591a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u9ad8\u51fa\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u91cf\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e4b\u65c5\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u610f\u5b50\uff08\u62d3\u6251\u51c6\u7c92\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u7684\u878d\u5408\u548c\u7f16\u7ec7\u3002\u62d3\u6251\u95f4\u9699\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u7269\u8d28\u5e95\u5c42\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e2a\u62d3\u6251\u7ebf\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u8d56 TGP \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6210\u529f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6a21\u62df\u3001\u589e\u957f\u3001\u5236\u9020\u3001\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u5404\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90fd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u5236\u9020\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u5176\u8d85\u8fc723\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u786e\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5c40\u90e8\u548c\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u5bfc\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u76f8\u4f4d\u56fe\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u8ff7\u60d1 TGP \u7684\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u4ee5\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u6392\u9664\u5404\u79cd\u865a\u5047\u8bbe\uff08null hypotheses\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7531\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u56e2\u961f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u56e2\u961f\u5185\u90e8\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5236\u8861\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u987e\u95ee\u4e13\u5bb6\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6b63\u5728\u5ba1\u6838\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u622a\u81f3\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u5fae\u8f6f\u6b63\u5728\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5177\u6311\u6218\u6027\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u66f4\u6709\u524d\u666f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u2014\u2014\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u3002\u5728\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u73b0\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u727a\u7272\u5927\u5c0f\u6216\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u62d3\u6251\u8d85\u5bfc\u76f8\u53ca\u5176\u4f34\u968f\u7684\u9a6c\u7ea6\u62c9\u7eb3\u96f6\u6a21\u6001\uff08Majorana zero modes\uff09\uff0c\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u626b\u6e05\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u5927\u969c\u788d\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u662f\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\uff0c\u5176\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u7269\u7406\u673a\u7406\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u9996\u6b21\u89c2\u6d4b\u5230\u4e86 30\u03bceV \u62d3\u6251\u95f4\u9699\uff0c\u4e3a\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d1\u73b0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u77f3\uff0c\u4f7f\u5fae\u8f6f\u5411\u7740\u5728 Azure \u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u91cf\u5b50\u673a\u5668\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8fc8\u51fa\u4e86\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u70b9\u51fb\u94fe\u63a5 (opens in new tab)\u8bbf\u95ee Azure Quantum\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002 \u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u5bb9\u9519\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u671b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u4fdd\u771f\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u3001\u5feb\u901f\u95e8\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5355\u6a21\u5757\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u62d3\u6251\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u4fdd\u771f\u5ea6\u3001\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u7531\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u62d3\u6251\u95f4\u9699\uff08topological gap\uff09\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u80fd\u91cf\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u4ea7\u751f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u5185\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u91cf\u5b50\u6bd4\u7279\u7684\u5b50\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u5e76\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u8fdb\u884c\u91cf\u5b50\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u5f84\u624d\u80fd\u884c\u5f97\u901a\u3002\u8fd9\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d77\u6765\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u57fa\u6001\u7684\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u7ea0\u7f20\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8f7b\u6613\u63a2\u6d4b\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u56e2\u961f\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 \u201c\u62d3\u6251\u95f4\u9699\u534f\u8bae\u201d TGP\uff08topological gap 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peaks\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8 Andreev \u675f\u7f1a\u6001\uff08Andreev bound states\uff09\u548c\u65e0\u5e8f\u6027\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u96f6\u504f\u538b\u5cf0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTGP \u4ec5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ZBPs\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u5bfc\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\uff08bulk phase transition\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u76f8\u53d8\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8d85\u5bfc\u76f8\u548c\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u7684\u8fb9\u754c\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u76f8\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6c34\u548c\u51b0\u3002 \u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u542b\u6750\u6599\u5806\u53e0\u3001\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\u7b49\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u4eff\u771f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0cTGP \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u8bbe\u5907\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u4f4d\u7684\u4e25\u683c\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5728\u6d4b\u91cf\u4efb\u4f55\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bbe\u5b9a\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u975e\u5c40\u90e8\u7535\u5bfc\u5efa\u7acb\u5177\u6709\u65e0\u95f4\u9699\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u95f4\u9699\u533a\u57df\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e24\u7aef\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684 ZBPs\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u8bc6\u522b\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5fae\u5999\u5dee\u5f02\uff08\u8fd9\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5931\u5c40\u90e8\u6709\u5e8f\u53c2\u6570\uff09\uff0cTGP \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u907f\u514d\u786e\u8ba4\u504f\u5dee\uff08confirmation bias\uff09\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u626b\u63cf\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u201c\u641c\u7d22\u201d\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5355\u4e2a ZBP\u3002 \u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5723\u5df4\u5df4\u62c9\u7684\u5fae\u8f6f Station Q \u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u91cf\u5b50\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53d1\u6e90\u5730\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb16\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u62d3\u6251\u76f8\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u534a\u5e74\u5ea6\u4f1a\u8bae\u7684\u4e1c\u9053\u4e3b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u5927\u6d41\u884c\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u4e2d\u65ad\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cStation Q 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