A two-level mixture linear dynamic system model, with frame-level switching parameters in the observation equation and with segment-level switching parameters in the target-directed state equation, is developed and evaluated. The main contributions of this work are: (1) the new framework for dealing with 12 mixed-level switching in the dynamic system and (2) the novel use of piecewise linear functions, enabled by 13 the introduction of frame-level switching, to approximate the nonlinear function between the hidden vocal14 tract-resonance space and the observable acoustic space. The approximation is accomplished by the frame15 dependent switching parameters in the observation equation. In this paper, in a self-contained manner, we 16 highlight the key algorithm differences from the earlier model having only single segment-level switching 17 that is synchronous between the state and observation equations. A series of speech recognition experiments are carried out to evaluate this new model using a subset of Switchboard conversational speech data. 19 The experimental results show that the approximation accuracy is improved with an increased number of 20 switching-parameter values. The speech recognizer built from the new mixed-level switching dynamic 21 system model using an N-best re-scoring evaluation paradigm show moderate word error rate reduction 22 compared with using either single-level switching or no switching parameters.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A two-level mixture linear dynamic system model, with frame-level switching parameters in the observation equation and with segment-level switching parameters in the target-directed state equation, is developed and evaluated. The main contributions of this work are: (1) the new framework for dealing with 12 mixed-level switching in the dynamic system and (2) the novel use […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"msr-url-field":"","msr-podcast-episode":"","msrModifiedDate":"","msrModifiedDateEnabled":false,"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"_classifai_error":"","msr-author-ordering":null,"msr_publishername":"","msr_publisher_other":"","msr_booktitle":"","msr_chapter":"","msr_edition":"","msr_editors":"","msr_how_published":"","msr_isbn":"","msr_issue":"","msr_journal":"Computer, Speech and 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