The strongest standard security notion for digital signature schemes is unforgeability under chosen message attacks. In practice, however, this notion can be insufficient due to \u201cside-channel attacks\u201d which exploit leakage of information about the secret internal state. In this work we put forward the notion of \u201cleakage-resilient signatures,\u201d which strengthens the standard security notion by giving the adversary the additional power to learn a bounded amount of arbitrary information about the secret state that was accessed during every signature generation. This notion naturally implies security against all side-channel attacks as long as the amount of information leaked on each invocation is bounded and \u201conly computation leaks information.\u201d<\/p>\n
The main result of this paper is a construction which gives a (tree-based, stateful) leakage-resilient signature scheme based on any 3-time signature scheme. The amount of information that our scheme can safely leak per signature generation is 1\/3 of the information the underlying 3-time signature scheme can leak in total. Signature schemes that remain secure even if a bounded total amount of information is leaked were recently constructed, hence instantiating our construction with these schemes gives the first constructions of provably secure leakage-resilient signature schemes.<\/p>\n
The above construction assumes that the signing algorithm can sample truly random bits, and thus an implementation would need some special hardware (randomness gates). Simply generating this randomness using a leakage-resilient stream-cipher will in general not work. Our second contribution is a sound general principle to replace uniform random bits in any leakage-resilient construction with pseudorandom ones: run two leakage-resilient stream-ciphers (with independent keys) in parallel and then apply a two-source extractor to their outputs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The strongest standard security notion for digital signature schemes is unforgeability under chosen message attacks. In practice, however, this notion can be insufficient due to \u201cside-channel attacks\u201d which exploit leakage of information about the secret internal state. In this work we put forward the notion of \u201cleakage-resilient signatures,\u201d which strengthens the standard security notion by 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